Patient Profile Joanne And Steve Wanted A C Section

Patient profile: Joanne and Steve wanted a C-section as they had difficultly delivery with their first child; however Joanne went into labour early. The baby was delivered 3 days before the C-section was scheduled. With her first child she was given an epidural that did not work, this is why she had requested the C-section for the birth of this child. Their first child died at 21 days old, he was an IVF baby and it had taken them 5-6 years to get him. After a couple of years they started trying for another baby, they had been saving up for more IVF but they managed to conceive naturally. They had more scans during this pregnancy to ensure the health of the baby was okay. Barriers to communication: She was given air by the midwives to help her with the pain as she had been experiencing contractions since 8:00 AM. She needed to see the doctor about the C-section and stated that if she could have an epidural she would try and deliver the child naturally, if it didn t work (like with her first child) she would want the C-section. She is rushed to the delivery unit for an epidural. When she is examined before the epidural a problem is found. The time it would take for her to sit up and for the epidural to be administered would be too late as she would then have to push. When she was told this she started to become scared as she had a difficult first birth as the epidural did not work and now she could not have one. She was then offered alternative pain relief. She went intoShow MoreRelatedAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 Pagesin ordering, receiving, and temporarily storing merchandise that is going to be sold to SS customers. b. SS does not manufacture any goods, thus its operations activities consists of displaying merchandise for sale and protecting it from theft. c. 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Essay on A Review of Peter Brown’s Augustine of Hippo

A Review of Peter Brown’s Augustine of Hippo Peter Brown’s Augustine of Hippo is a dense, scholarly work outlining the entire life of the Catholic bishop. The University of California Press in Berkeley, California published the work in 1967. My version was the 1973 second paperback printing, found in the University library. Its smallish, scholarly, serifed, typewritten font allows for a instant respect for the subject matter: the words are at first imposing, but then revealing as their serious tone complements the complexity of the text. The pages are studded with footnotes, filling out this work with evidence of Brown’s exhaustive research. There is a three-page preface before the work, and, after the work, a†¦show more content†¦This want of something more concrete but metaphysical leads straight into the fifth chapter, â€Å"Manichaeism.† This details the future bishop’s obsession with the mysteries and dualism of the Manichean teaching, as well as Augustine’s work at spread ing the Manichee philosophy, as well as his love for what it made him, rather that what it actually taught. â€Å"Friends,† the sixth chapter, details his life with his unnamed concubine among his celibate Manichee comrades. Next, the seventh chapter, titled â€Å"Success,† outlines Augustine’s first taste of fame as a writer and as a public speaker. Thus, Brown ends part I. Brown begins part II, after the chronology, with a chapter on Ambrose, the bishop of Milan that helped Augustine to convert with his interpretation of the pagan philosophers and the similarities in the Hebrew prophets that the future bishop had misread, and their influence on the great Greek minds. Chapter nine, titled â€Å"The Platonists,† describes Augustine’s influence by the Plato revivalists Plotinus and Porphyry, who brought back the old master’s works into the mainstream mindset, and how Augustine reconciled Christianity with this existential thought, leading directly to the next chapter, â€Å"Philosophy.† It describes the problems that arose in and around Augustine with such reconciliation; the Platonist teaching

Risk Management in the Construction Industry

Question: Discuss about theRisk Management in the Construction Industry. Answer: Introduction In the construction projects, two major phases are vital, the pre-construction and the construction phase. The preconstruction phase is simply the preparation of the project, (Sears, S., et al., 2015). In the phase, there is the aspect of planning and initial formulation of the project whereas the construction phase is simply the implementation of the planned and designed arrangements. We should note that the risk management processes are conducted throughout the construction project; from its planning stage to its completion, inspection, and usage by the public. Therefore, my paper is describing the truth to the said facts about risks, in my case, it concentrates its scope to the risks incurred within the construction field, both in preconstruction and construction stages. Additionally, the paper gives an insight to the participants of the contract who have the responsibilities upon the risks. Similarly, the paper is also concerned with discussing the dispute resolution methods that can be used to dissolve differences within the project after mainly talking about the areas of which disputes can arise within the projects, (Sears, S., et al.,2015). Therefore, at the end of the discussion, the reader is expected to have understood as to why it is critical to have the risk management departments within the construction field. Available Risks within the Construction Industry In as much as the risks are always peculiar to each project and the project participants, it is confirmed that almost all the construction projects share common risks that result from the whole field. As such, below is a classification of some of the risks that can arise from both the preconstruction and the construction phase within a project. During the Construction Sector. Changes in the Work. Drastic change in the work can be at times very detrimental and can lead to loss of resources. Such can be caused by poor planning and designs, the level of complexity of the design presented, late drawings and instructions, even unavailability of the preferred materials and insufficient capital to purchase the preferred materials. As such the design team will have to give an alternative preference and ensure that the new designs meet the needed requirements, (Walker, A., 2015). However, if the sudden change in the work is not properly looked into, the design team might be at a risk of having a wrong implementation of their client's idea hence causing lack of quality in the planned project. Such lack of quality might bring other risks that result from a substandard work. Accidents such as Fires. Accidents are very much inevitable as such can happen without our knowledge since some are caused by the adverse weather conditions of which we have no control over. As such, we should be very prepared for such especially within a construction project. It is the work of the contractors to ensure that the site is a secure place to work, (Rowlinson, S., et al., 2014, p 187-198). Accidents such as the fire that can be caused by the lightening can be controlled by putting up proper fire prevention mechanisms such as installing fire extinguishers and fire sensors. If fires are not adequately handled, then there is a high possibility of damage to property and people. Financial and Economic Risk Adequate Resources and Equipment Commissioning Lack of sufficient resources and equipment to facilitate the work can be very detrimental hence lead to the collapse of a project. As such, the investment managers should ensure that there are adequate resources that promote the work in question. The contractors, on the other hand, should ensure that the budget of the resources needed and the program to be undertaken is correctly billed and is submitted to the financiers in time so as there is the continuous flow of cash within the project, (Walker, A., 2015). Therefore ensuring that the project does not come to a stop due to unavailability of resources in the form of material and equipment. Lack of adequate resources can lead to the construction of substandard work which promotes losses. Inflation With inflation, it means that commodities are becoming more expensive than they should. As such, the construction materials are very hard to purchase as such the design team, and the investment managers of the project are a force to spend more on the quality of the project. On the same time, they are compelled to acquire fewer quality materials to construct, (Walker, A., 2015). As such, the investment team should ensure proper communication with the designs team so as to help in making decisions about the types and quality of materials required for the project simply because the use of lesser quality materials can lead to an inferior product of the project. Performance Risk Productivity of Labor Labour is a vital part of the realization of any construction project as such; the contractor should ensure that the workforce is very able to carry out their mandated role. A small productive workforce will automatically lead to the project missing the set objectives and deadlines. Moreover, a lesser productive labor force can result in a lower quality work, (Simons, R., 2013). Therefore the contractors are advised to acquire very well skilled labor force that can provide both quality and meet the deadlines. Simply because, skilled labor is very useful in reducing expenses that can be incurred from injuries that occur in the line of duty, (Glendon, A., et al., 2016). Moreover, skilled labor promotes standard work hence saving some resources to be incurred in reworks. Other than labor alone, the investment managers of the project should consider the performance of equipment, of the materials, to be used in the project and also should promote cultures that help in the fulfillment of the work, for instance, proper remunerations so as to reduce the incidences of strikes. Security Risk The actual security of the construction site matters. The contractor in collaboration with the investment manager of the project should ensure that the construction sites are very secure and very free from any aspects of Vandalism, Terrorism, corruption, assaults, negligence and Intrusion which might lead to the collapse of the project. Such acts can be practiced from either within or from external participants of the projects, (Haimes, Y., 2015). Therefore, the contractor should ensure that the personnel are trustworthy and can be trusted with the resources provided by the project. Moreover, the contractors can help by installing security cameras that might help minimize looting from the labor force. Climatic and Environmental Risk Can be attributed to all the physical and environmental impacts of the project. For instance the topography of the area of which the project is to be conducted and the climatic conditions of the same, (Rowlinson, S., et al., 2014, p 187-198). Very wet sunny areas can adversely be affected when the rains start pouring heavily. The contractors and the subcontractors are mainly affected since he rains can affect their set programs. Moreover, the topography of an area has an immersed impact on the project as well since some areas are prone to landslides which are very detrimental to projects. Same happens when the project is situated in calamity prone areas for instance areas that are prone to floods or even tornadoes. Political and Societal Risk Land Availability for Construction In some areas, the policies that are set pertaining acquisition of lands are very demanding to any project. For instance, in some areas, where private ownership of land is illegal, a project done in such areas can be at risk of termination at any given time. Therefore, it is the work of the quantity surveyor to ensure there is proper documentation of the project's credibility to go on. For such a reason, the surveyor in charge of the project should properly advice the investment managers on such risks so as to avoid future trouble with the local authorities. Political Instability In areas which are prone to wars and regular strikes, the security of projects is not a concern to anyone. As such, it is the function of the quantity survey team to advice the project's investors to consider such a trait about the place. In the areas, the project is at the risk of damage or even destruction beyond repair, (Cruz, C., and Marques, R., 2013, p 473-483). Therefore, the reason as to why such war tone areas are not developing How to Solve Conflict within a Construction Project Conflicts are prone to arise within the building project due to factors such as; poor communication between the different sectors within the project management, lack of clarity of the contract, developed conflicts of interest by individuals, limited resources resulting to abnormal working conditions, or power struggles within the different departments. Meanwhile, it is the work of the project manager to ensure that mediation solves such conflicts. A third-party mediator will be hired to resolve the disputes between the two conflicting parties. This strategy is the cheapest and least time-consuming. Another way to solve conflicts is by Mini-Trial. Is held in an informal setting with an advisor or attorney that is paid. However, the agreement reached is nonbinding hence can be broken. A mini-trial is more expensive in terms of time and money than mediation. Lastly, Arbitration can be used to solve disputes. Arbitration is the most costly and time-consuming way to resolve a conflict. In volved parties are represented by their attorneys while witnesses and evidence are presented. Then, the arbitrator makes a ruling, and his final decision is a binding agreement that cannot be broken, (Fisher, R., 2016, p 37-71). Use of Mediation to Solve Construction Problems Mediation is amongst the most common ways to solve disputes that can arise from the construction industry. A third party mediator will be hired to resolve the disputes between the two conflicting parties. In our case, it maybe the workers who work in the construction site against the senior project managers. The strategy is the cheapest and less time-consuming as compared to the other conflict resolution strategies. In instances that there is conflict arising from either misunderstanding of the contract terms or any other problem, a third party who is neutral is useful in foreseeing the terms being agreed upon by both sides. As such the problem is solved by mediation therefore enabling swift running of the construction work. Conflict within a construction project can be avoided in many ways mostly as initiated by the managers of the project. For instance, the managers can ensure that the participants within the project understand their roles. Such can be promoted by simply organizing workshops and regular meetings where each department is educated on the role, it is supposed to play within the project. The managers can as well treat fairly their workforce by providing them with favourable working conditions, (Fisher, R., 2016, p 37-71). The managers also can facilitate the signing of contracts to their workers so as to ensure that their workforce is satisfied with what the project will offer them in the form of salaries. Moreover, they should ensure that they follow the signed agreements in the form of contracts. Conclusion The risk assessment is a crucial aspect when discussing of the success of any project as such; it should be properly conducted. Proper risk assessments are very useful to ensuring that the proper risk management systems are adequately implemented. The whole idea of risk assessment in the construction project is very useful and should be adopted in the upcoming projects; it ensures that the projects turn out to be successful in the long run, (Zhao, X., et al., 2014, p 27). To conclude, for adequate implementation of any construction project one has to consider all the risks that will be incurred in both the preconstruction and the construction phase. It is important so as to ensure the end product of the project meets the expectations of the end users References Cruz, C.O., and Marques, R.C., 2013. Flexible contracts to cope with uncertainty in publicprivate partnerships. International Journal of Project Management, 31(3), pp.473-483. Fewings, P., 2013. Construction project management: an integrated approach. Routledge. Finnerty, J.D., 2013. Project financing: Asset-based financial engineering. John Wiley Sons. Fisher, R.J., 2016. Third party consultation: A method for the study and resolution of conflict. In Ronald J. Fisher: A North American Pioneer in Interactive Conflict Resolution (pp. 37-71). Springer International Publishing. Glendon, A.I., Clarke, S. and McKenna, E., 2016. Human safety and risk management. CRC Press. Haimes, Y.Y., 2015. Risk modeling, assessment, and management. John Wiley Sons. Kelly, J., Male, S. and Graham, D., 2014. Value management of construction projects. John Wiley Sons. Kerzner, H., 2013. Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. McNeil, A.J., Frey, R. and Embrechts, P., 2015. Quantitative risk management: Concepts, techniques, and tools. Princeton University Press. Rowlinson, S., YunyanJia, A., Li, B. and ChuanjingJu, C., 2014. Management of climatic heat stress risk in construction: a review of practices, methodologies, and future research. Accident Analysis Prevention, 66, pp.187-198. Sears, S.K., Sears, G.A., Clough, R.H., Rounds, J.L. and Segner, R.O., 2015. Construction project management. John Wiley Sons. Simons, R., 2013. Performance Measurement and Control Systems for Implementing Strategy Text and Cases: Pearson New International Edition. Pearson Higher Ed. Taylan, O., Bafail, A.O., Abdulaal, R.M. and Kabli, M.R., 2014. Construction projects selection and risk assessment by fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methodologies. Applied Soft Computing, 17, pp.105-116. Walker, A., 2015. Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons. Wang, N., Jiang, D. and Pretorius, L., 2016. Conflict-resolving behavior of project managers in international projects: A culture-based comparative study. Technology in Society, 47, pp.140-147. Zhao, X., Hwang, B.G. and Phng, W., 2014. Construction project risk management in Singapore: resources, effectiveness, impact, and understanding. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 18(1), p.27.

NASA and Project Juno Essay Example

NASA and Project Juno Essay Introduction Jupiter is the fifth planet from the sun and is the largest planet in all of our solar system. Jupiter is more than twice as massive as all of the other planets combined and is made from about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium. Despite having sent different spaceships and orbiters to observe Jupiter there is a lot more to learn about the planet. That is why from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on August 5, 2011, NASA New Frontiers mission launched a spacecraft named â€Å"Juno† to study and find out more about Jupiter. More specifically, Juno will map Jupiter’s gravity field, magnetic field and its atmospheric structure from a polar orbit. The whole purpose of this mission is to have a better understanding of the formation of our solar system and planetary systems discovered around the stars. We will write a custom essay sample on NASA and Project Juno specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on NASA and Project Juno specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on NASA and Project Juno specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Why Jupiter? The primary scientific goal of the NASA space mission Juno is to drastically improve our understanding of the planet Jupiter. Jupiter, which is considered, as the â€Å"Gas Giant Planet† and scientists believe that Jupiter can show the secrets to the fundamental processes of the formation of our solar system. Scientists at NASA have developed different theories as to how Jupiter was formed. Some believed that it began as a solid chunk of heavy material, like rock or ice. As gravity gathered debris, its gravitational pull increased and eventually it became big enough to attract light gases. Another theory is that Jupiter was formed when a small region of the gas disk around the sun collapsed on its own. Whatever the case is, they are all theories. They are all ideas of how Jupiter was formed, and no one really knows how Jupiter was made for sure. Which is why the Juno mission was launched. If we can find out what makes Jupiter’s core and exactly how much water the planet contains we can narrow down the number of theories that were developed by the scientists. Jupiter has long intrigued scientists since Galileo’s time.